The Ultimate IB Maths Glossary for Parents Navigating MYP, IGCSE and DP
- Ashleigh Lorimer
- Feb 9
- 3 min read
Understanding the International Baccalaureate (IB) maths curriculum can feel like decoding a foreign language, especially if you’re a parent new to the system. From the Middle Years Programme (MYP) through IGCSE and on to the Diploma Programme (DP), the terminology shifts and the concepts deepen. This glossary aims to clarify the key terms and ideas you’ll encounter, helping you support your child’s learning journey with confidence.
Understanding the IB Maths Pathway
Before diving into terms, it helps to know the structure. The IB offers a continuum of education:
MYP (Middle Years Programme): For students aged 11 to 16, roughly Year 7 to Year 11. It builds foundational skills and introduces key concepts.
IGCSE (International General Certificate of Secondary Education): Often taken alongside or after MYP, this is a widely recognised qualification for 14 to 16-year-olds.
DP (Diploma Programme): For students aged 16 to 19, this is the pre-university course with two maths routes: Analysis and Approaches (AA) and Applications and Interpretation (AI).
Each stage has its own focus and vocabulary, so let’s break down the essentials.
Key Terms in IB Maths for Parents
MYP Maths Terms
Conceptual Understanding
This means grasping the ‘why’ behind maths, not just memorising formulas. For example, understanding why the Pythagorean theorem works rather than just applying it.
Inquiry-Based Learning
Students explore maths through questions and problems, encouraging curiosity and critical thinking.
Criterion-Referenced Assessment
Instead of comparing students against each other, they are assessed against set criteria. This means your child’s progress is measured by their own understanding and skills.
IGCSE Maths Terms
Syllabus
The official list of topics and skills students must learn. For IGCSE, this includes algebra, geometry, statistics, and more.
Core and Extended Papers
IGCSE maths exams often have two levels: Core (basic) and Extended (more challenging). The level your child takes depends on their ability and school recommendation.
Functional Maths
This focuses on practical maths skills used in everyday life, such as budgeting or measuring.
DP Maths Terms
Analysis and Approaches (AA)
This route is for students who enjoy maths theory and want to study subjects like engineering or physics. It covers calculus, algebra, and proof.
Applications and Interpretation (AI)
This route suits students interested in practical maths, such as statistics and modelling, useful for social sciences or business.
Internal Assessment (IA)
A mathematical exploration or investigation completed during the course, which counts 20% towards the final grade. It allows students to explore a maths topic of personal interest.
Standard Level (SL) and Higher Level (HL)
SL covers core topics, while HL includes additional content and greater depth. HL is more demanding and suited for students aiming for maths-heavy university courses.
Practical Examples to Help You Support Your Child
When your child talks about criterion-referenced assessment in MYP, remember it means they’re being judged on their own progress, not against classmates. Encourage them to focus on their personal improvement.
If your child is preparing for the IGCSE Extended Paper, they will encounter more complex problems, such as quadratic equations or trigonometry. You can support them by reviewing these topics together or finding extra practice resources.
For DP students working on their Internal Assessment, ask about their chosen topic. This project is a chance for them to connect maths with something they enjoy, like sports statistics or environmental data.
Common Confusions and How to Clarify Them
Difference between MYP and IGCSE
MYP is broader and focuses on developing skills across subjects, while IGCSE is more exam-focused with specific content to master.
Why two DP maths routes?
The IB recognises that students have different strengths and future plans. AA is more theoretical, AI more practical. Knowing your child’s interests helps in understanding their choice.
What is the role of the IA?
The Internal Assessment is not just another test. It’s a chance for students to explore maths creatively and independently, which can also boost their final grade!
How to Use This Glossary
Keep this glossary handy when your child mentions terms you’re unsure about. It can also help when reading school reports or talking to teachers. If you want to go deeper, many schools offer parent workshops or online resources explaining the IB maths curriculum. Alternatively, book a free consultation with me and I'd be happy to answer any questions you may have.
Comments